Paint and Surface Coatings - Theory and Practice

anarchist

Edited by R Lambourne, formerly ICI Paints Division and Industrial Colloid Advisory Group, Bristol University and T A Strivens, formerly ICI Paints Division, UK

A comprehensive reference source for all those in the paint industry.
European Coatings

- extensive revision of first edition
- new chapter on computers and modelling
- new chapter on health and safety
- emphasis on basic science underpinning paint technology

This second edition of an established and well received book has been carefully revised, in many instances by the original authors, and enlarged by the addition of two completely new chapters. These deal with the use of computers in the paint industry and with the increasingly important subject of health and safety. The chapter on pigments has also been re-written by an author new to this edition.

It was the editor’s intention in the first edition to provide science graduates entering the paint industry with a bridge between academia and the applied science and technology of paints. The great strength and appeal of this book remains that it deals with the technology of paints and surface coatings while also providing a basic understanding of the chemistry and physics of coatings.

ISBN 1 85573 348 X
ISBN-13: 978 1 85573 348 0
August 1999
800 pages  244 x 172mm  hardback  

Contents
Paint composition and applications – a general introduction
- A short history of paint
- Paint or surface coatings?
- The components of paint
- Paint making
- Methods of application
- Paint markets

Organic film formers
- Introduction
- Natural polymers
- Oils and fatty acids
- Oleoresinous media
- Alkyd resins
- Polyester resins
- Acrylic polymers
- Emulsion and dispersion polymers
- Non-aqueous dispersion polymerization
- Amino resins
- Phenol formaldehyde
- Epoxy resins
- Isocyanates
- Silicone resins
- Vinyl resins
- Water-borne systems
- Resins for electrodeposition
- High solids coatings
- Radiation-curing polymers
- Powder-coating compositions
- Resin manufacture

Pigments for paints
- Introduction
- Definition
- Required qualities of pigments
- Pigment classification
- Pigment nomenclature
- Further types of pigments and terms used
- Particulate nature of pigments and the dispersion process
- Manufacture of pigments
- Toxicity and the environment
- Choosing pigments
- Physical forms of pigment
- Notes on families of pigments

Solvents, thinners, and diluents
- Introduction
- The market for solvents in the paint industry
- Solvent power or solvency
- Solvent effects on viscosity
- Evaporation of solvents from coatings
- Flashpoint
- Toxicity and environmental pollution

Additives for paint
- Introduction
- Anticorrosive pigment enhancers
- Antifoams
- Antisettling agents
- Antiskinning agents
- Can-corrosion inhibitors
- Dehydrators/antigassing additives
- Dispersion aids
- Driers
- Electrical properties
- Flash corrosion inhibitors
- Floating and flooding additives
- In-can preservatives
- Insecticidal additives
- Optical whiteners
- Reodorants
- Ultraviolet absorbers
- Additive suppliers

The physical chemistry of dispersion
- Introduction
- Immersion and wetting of the pigment
- Deagglomeration (mechanical breakdown of agglomerates)
- Dispersion – colloid stabilization
- Steric (or polymer) stabilization
- Depletion flocculation and stabilization
- Adsorption
- Rate of flocculation

Particle size and size measurement
- Introduction
- Definitions
- Sampling
- Methods of particle sizing
- The best method?

The industrial paint-making process
- Introduction
- The use of dispersants
- Methods of optimizing millbases for dispersion
- The instrumental formulating technique
- Methods of dispersion and machinery
- Mixing
- Control techniques

Coatings for buildings
- Introduction
- Formulating considerations and constraints
- Pigment-binder-solvent relationships
- The nature of paint binder
- Colour delivery
- Meeting the needs of the substrate
- Masonry and cementitious substrates
- Metallic substrates

Automotive paints
- Introduction
- Pretreatment
- Priming
- Surfacers
- Anti-chip coatings
- Inverted or reverse process
- Automotive topcoats
- In-factory repairs
- Painting of plastic body components
- Spray application
- Stoving procedures
- Performance/testing
- Future developments

Automotive refinish paints
- Introduction
- Topcoat systems
- Colour
- Future developments

General industrial paints
- Introduction
- Factors governing the selection of industrial painting processes
- Industrial application and curing methods
- Finishing materials and processes in selected industrial painting operations
- Developments and trends in general industrial finishing

The painting of ships
- Introduction
- Corrosion
- Surface preparation
- Blast primers
- Paint systems for ships
- The painting of off-shore structures

An introduction to rheology
- Introduction
- History of viscosity measurements
- Definitions
- Methods of measurement
- Interpretation of results

The rheology of paints
- Introduction
- General considerations on paint rheology – paint application processes
- Experimental methods for measuring paint rheology for application and storage
- flow-out after application
- Paint rheology during manufacture and storage

Mechanical properties of paints and coatings
- Introduction
- Viscoelastic properties of polymers
- Ultimate mechanical properties of polymers
- Experimental methods for determining mechanical properties of coatings
- Discussion of experimental methods
- Technological tests for mechanical properties
- Acoustic emission
- Recent developments

Appearance qualities of paint – basic concepts
- Introduction
- Physics of reflection by paint/air interfaces
- Lightscattering and absorption by paint films
- Colour of pigment mixtures and pigmented films
- Changes in paint films
- Fluorescence and phosphorescence
- Colour appreciation

Specification and control of appearance
- Gloss
- Opacity of paint films
- Specification and control of colour
- Colour control in paint manufacture

Durability testing
- Introduction
- Chemical resistance testing
- Testing mechanical properties of paints
- Accelerated weathering
- Natural weathering
- Suppliers of accelerated weathering test equipment

Computers and modelling in paint and resin formulating
- Introduction
- Information technology and knowledge-based systems
- Modelling and mathematical technique
- Molecular modelling
- Resin formulating and processes
- Resin scale-up and manufacture
- Polymer properties, curing, and network properties
- Solvents and solubility properties
- Paint formulation and manufacture, and coating performance
- Experimental analysis, design, and quality control

Health and safety in the coatings industry
- Introduction
- Raw materials and intermediates
- Occupational exposure
- Provision of information
- The approved supply list
- Hazard details
- Safety data sheets
- Labelling of substances and preparations
- Classification and labelling for transport (conveyance)
- Control of hazardous substances
- New substance regulations
- Food contact coatings
- Major accident hazards
- Environmental protection